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Operation Paraquet was the code name for the British military operation to recapture the island of South Georgia from Argentine military control in April 1982 at the start of the Falklands War. The official name "Paraquet" is an alternative spelling of Parakeet, but the operation is perhaps more widely known as Operation Paraquat, an unofficial name adopted by troops in the South Atlantic who feared the operation would prove as lethal to them as the weedkiller Paraquat. This view prompted the expression "Kill Paraquat before it kills us." The operation, a subsidiary of the main Operation Corporate (recapture of the Falkland Islands from Argentina) was successful, leading to the island being restored to British control on 25 April 1982. ==Operation== The operation was ordered by Admiral Fieldhouse on 12 April 1982. It was to involve Mountain Troop from D Squadron Special Air Service (SAS) from Ascension Island, 150 Royal Marines on the tanker ''Tidespring'', 2SBS on and 6SBS in the submarine . This was known as CTG 317.9, commanded by Captain Brian Young.〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/military-obituaries/naval-obituaries/6975842/Captain-Brian-Young.html〕〔http://www.britains-smallwars.com/Falklands/Operation-Paraquat.html〕 ''Conqueror'' was first on the scene and carried out a survey of key areas of the South Georgia coast.〔"''Sink the Belgrano''", Mike Rossiter, 2007, Transworld, London, pp 189-233〕 The operation was originally supposed to involve both SAS and Special Boat Service (SBS) forces being infiltrated onto South Georgia by helicopters from the ''Tidespring'' and , but the plan had to be changed when the two Wessex helicopters transporting the SAS troops from an ambitious location on the northeast coast crashed in bad weather on Fortuna Glacier; the troops and aircrew were rescued by ''Antrims Wessex helicopter, the last remaining to the expedition.〔"''Sink the Belgrano''", Mike Rossiter, 2007, Transworld, London, pp 189-233〕 On 9 April the submarine left port in Argentina with a detachment of marines on board to reinforce the South Georgia garrison, and arrived safely in Grytviken on 24 April. However, on 25 April the ''Santa Fe'' was intercepted while sailing away and disabled by depth charges from Antrim's Wessex helicopter and subsequent attacks by task force Wasp and Lynx helicopters, which fired at least six AS-12 missiles on the submarine. The ''Santa Fe'' was forced to limp back to Grytviken. There followed an immediate assault by an improvised group of Special Forces and Royal Marines, with two Royal Navy vessels (''Antrim'' and ) conducting a naval bombardment demonstration on the low hills opposite Grytviken. The garrison at Grytviken and the crew of the disabled ''Santa Fe'' surrendered to M Company, 42 Commando, Royal Marines, after fifteen minutes at 17.15 GMT, although the garrison at Leith Harbour, under the command of Lieutenant Commander Alfredo Astiz, surrendered the following day.〔 Sweden and France requested Astiz's extradition from the British authorities after learning about his capture, but his captors rejected the petition.〔Méndez, Juan E. (1991). ''Truth and partial justice in Argentina: an update''. Human Rights Watch, p. 32. ISBN 0-929692-91-8〕 An Argentine prisoner of war, Navy Petty Officer Felix Artuso, a crewman of the ''Santa Fe'', was mistakenly shot dead on 26 April after a British marine thought he was sabotaging the submarine. He is buried at Grytviken Cemetery.〔(Marine killed Argentinian in Falklands war blunder )〕〔(Félix Artuso's grave )〕 A message that was widely publicised in Britain was made by the Task Group Commander, Captain Brian Young, after the surrender at Grytviken:〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/military-obituaries/naval-obituaries/6975842/Captain-Brian-Young.html〕 :Be pleased to inform Her Majesty that the White Ensign flies alongside the Union Jack in South Georgia. God save the Queen.〔("Remarks on the recapture of South Georgia" ), Margaret Thatcher Foundation〕 Wildlife film maker Cindy Buxton and her assistant Annie Price, who had been filming in an isolated part of the island before the invasion, were evacuated by a helicopter from on 30 April. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation Paraquet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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